Entrance 10

 Today's lesson (6/10/20) was dedicated to relative prayers by our teacher. The first thing he explained to us is that it serves to join two or more sentences using relative pronouns.

 We begin with the new subject matter which is relative sentences, used to provide information about someone or something. Such information may be fundamental to understanding what or who is being referred to, or it may be supplementary, not necessary at all.

Therefore, we can find the defining relative sentences, which are the ones that provide essential information, such information goes immediately after the noun they describe. Likewise, non-definitive relative sentences are usually between commas (they are not necessary to understand who or what is being referred to).

For relative sentences there are several types of relative pronouns that we can use to make them.

• Who, (quien, quienes): Used only with personified people or animals.

• Whom (el cual, la cual, los cuales, las cuales, que): Used only with people (more formal than "who").

• Which (el cual, la cual, lo cual, los cuales, las cuales, lo que, que): Is used only with animals, objects o things.

• Whose (de quien,  de quienes, de la cual, de los cuales, de las cuales, del cual, cuyo, cuya, cuyos, cuyas): Is used with persons and expresses possession.

• That (same translation as who and which): Used interchangeably with people and things. It can replace "who" and "which" except in the non-defining relative clauses¹

• What: (que) Used in actions or situations.

• Where: (adónde, hacia donde) Used to refer to places.

• When: (cuando) Used to refer to reasons

• Why: (porque) It is used to refer us to things.
  

That (same translation as who and which): Is used interchangeably with people and things. It can replace "who" and "which" except in the non-defining relative clauses.

• What: Used in actions or situations.

• Where: Used to refer to places.

• When: Used to refer to reasons

• Why: It is used to refer us to things.

Examples of some of the relative pronouns:

• Who: John is the man who works with me 

• Whom: Goleman is the writer whom I met at the supermarket).

• Which: That's a book which tells you how it is the story.

• Whose: That's the girl whose brother plays in the NBA.

• That: It's a machine that makes bread.

• What: That's what I meant.

It is essential to understand the difference between defining and non-defining relative clauses if you want to use relative clauses correctly. Relative sentences add extra information to a sentence to define a noun. However...

The definition of relative sentences adds essential information to a sentence and the sentence cannot be omitted. There are also non-defining relative sentences that add non-essential information to a sentence and can be left out of a sentence without changing its meaning.

In turn, after explaining the relative pronouns and how to use them. I will now tell you the types of sentences that exist, which are as follows:

For this, in the Nearpod through which he transmits all his knowledge to us so that if it had not been clear to us he explained again how to use relative pronouns and more examples. He also taught us image to see the differences between Degining vs Non-defining as the image you can see below.

 

             

I also explain when the relative pronoun can be omitted, in which cases relative sentences can be reduced and when the relatives go with prepositions.

To conclude, he explained the following particles that we can see in the following picture.